영어문항 제작 프롬프트 만들기
(그림: 미드저니, 디케의눈물)
프롬프트 파인튜닝이라는 개념이 낯설지도 모르겠습니다.
파인튜닝(Fine-Tuning)이라는 문자 그대로,
챗지피티와 같은 대규모 언어모델이 특정 작업을 할 수 있도록
미세하게 조정하거나 특정 지침을 따르도록 만드는 일입니다.
이 개념은 기존의 파인튜닝 개념에 프롬프트 엔지니어링의 아이디어를 결합하여
제가 직접 만든 용어입니다. 제가 처음인지는 잘 모르겠습니다만
지금은 시간이 지났지만 아래 처럼 크몽에 전자책을 출간하기도 했었습니다.
프롬프트 파인튜닝 고급 프롬프트 제작법 | 10000원부터 시작 가능한 총 평점 4.4점의 전자책, 직무스킬 전자책 서비스 | 프리랜서마켓 No. 1 크몽
시간이 지나서 내용을 업데이트를 해야 하지만
여전히 이 책을 쓸 당시에 갖고 있던 생각이 크게 변하지는 않은 것 같습니다.
같은 방식으로 프롬프트를 직접 제작해서 쓰고 있고
어떤 결과물들은 수익으로 삼고 있기도 합니다.
서론이 좀 길었던 것 같네요.
오늘은 영어문제를 만드는 프롬프트 제작과정을 보여드리고자 합니다.
바로 시작해보겠습니다.
오늘은 문득 과거 대학원 재학시절 임용고시 공부하던 책 하나를 꺼냈습니다.
그리고 이 페이지가 눈에 띄었습니다.
이를 표로 정리한 후에
제 옵시디언에 넣고
코넬 노트 양식으로 조금 꾸며서 이미지로 바꾸어 보았습니다.
이 질문의 유형을 프롬프트 제작에 쓸 생각입니다.
아래처럼 프롬프트를 구성하였습니다.
Act as a question generator. First read this data:
(앞서 책에서 뽑은 내용을 넣었습니다) Evaluate, rate, defend, dispute, decide which, select, judge, grade, verify, choose why. Which is best? Which is more important? Which do you think is more appropriate? Bloom's Taxonomy Bloom's Taxonomy of Cognitive Learning Objectives 1. Remembering Description: Recall or recognize terms, definitions, facts, ideas, materials, patterns, sequences, methods, principles, etc. Sample Questions: What is...? How would you define...? Can you select...? 2. Understanding Description: Understand the meaning, translation, interpolation, and interpretation of instructions and problems. State a problem in one's own words. Sample Questions: How would you classify...? Can you explain what is happening...? What do you think causes...? 3. Applying Description: Use a concept in a new situation or unprompted use of an abstraction. Applies what was learned in the classroom into novel situations in the workplace. Sample Questions: How would you use...? What examples can you find to...? How would you solve... using what you have learned? 4. Analyzing Description: Separates material or concepts into component parts so that its organizational structure may be understood. Distinguishes between facts and inferences. Sample Questions: What are the parts or features of...? How is... related to...? Why do you think...? 5. Evaluating Description: Make judgments about the value of ideas or materials. Sample Questions: What is your opinion of...? How would you prove...? Can you assess the value or importance of...? 6. Creating Description: Builds a structure or pattern from diverse elements. Put parts together to form a whole, with emphasis on creating a new meaning or structure. Sample Questions: What would you predict/infer from...? What ideas can you add to...? How would you create/design a new...? This taxonomy provides a useful framework for educators to create a diverse range of questions that test different cognitive skills, from basic recall to higher-order thinking.
When a passage is given, your job is
Read and analyze the passage, no comment
Decide which question is appropriate
Make 5 different kinds of questions
Return the answer keys and simple explation.
If your question is multiple choice type, you should use the following format
Type of Alternative ① ② ③ ④ ⑤
Target language: English. Target learners: CEFR C1-2
🌈프롬프트 주요내용
When a passage is given, your job is
Read and analyze the passage, no comment
Decide which question is appropriate
Make 5 different kinds of questions
Return the answer keys and simple explation.
If your question is multiple choice type, you should use the following format
Type of Alternative ① ② ③ ④ ⑤
Target language: English. Target learners: CEFR C1-2
먼저 앞서 만든 질문의 유형을 상세히 읽도록 지시하였습니다. 어떤 응답도 하지 말라고 조건을 주었습니다.
==두 번째는 어떤 질문이 적합한지 결정하도록 지시하였습니다.==
==세 번째는 5개의 다른 유형의 질문을 만들도록 하였습니다.==
==네 번째는 문제의 답과 설명을 요구하였습니다.==
==마지막에는 객관식일 경우 응답해야할 양식을 덧붙였습니다.==
==또한 타겟 언어는 영어로, 수준은 CEFR C1-2 수준으로 설정하였습니다.==
이 프롬프트는 Chain-of-Though (CoT) 프롬프팅 방법을 적용하여
간단하게 제작한 것입니다.
잘 작동하는지 실험해보도록 하겠습니다.
The Road Not Taken by Robert Frost | Poetry Foundation
The Road Not Taken by Robert Frost | Poetry Foundation
Two roads diverged in a yellow wood,
www.poetryfoundation.org
로버트 프로스트(Robert Frost)의 유명한 The Road Not Taken 이라는 시를 지문으로 넣어보겠습니다.
https://youtu.be/et-70LOx-VE?si=lOc6tdfrxblk_fNt
캡컷과 일레븐렙스에서 생성한 음성으로 만든 영상
다음은
챗지피티의 응답입니다.
Read and analyze the passage, no comment.
🌈1번을 응답없이 잘 처리하였습니다.
Decide which question is appropriate.
Based on the passage, which is a poem by Robert Frost titled "The Road Not Taken," questions can be crafted to target various levels of Bloom's Taxonomy.
🌈블룸의 분류체계를 사용하겠다고 합니다.
Make 5 different kinds of questions.
🌈5개의 질문을 잘 만드는 지 확인해 보겠습니다.
Remembering:
What did the traveler keep for another day? Answer: The first road.
Understanding:
How does the traveler feel about not being able to take both roads? Answer: The traveler feels sorry.
Applying:
If you were in the traveler's position, which road would you choose and why?
Analyzing:
How does the traveler differentiate between the two roads?
① One was more worn out than the other. ② One was grassy and wanted wear. ③ One was covered in leaves. ④ Both were equally worn out. ⑤ One was brighter than the other.
Answer: ② One was grassy and wanted wear.
🌈요구한 양식대로 객관식 문제를 잘 처리해 주었네요.
Evaluating: 5. In your opinion, what does the poet mean by "And that has made all the difference"?
Answer: Answers may vary. A common interpretation is that the choices we make in life, even the small ones, can have significant impacts on our future.
Return the answer keys and simple explanation.
The first road.
The traveler mentions keeping the first road for another day, indicating he did not choose it on this occasion. The traveler feels sorry.
The poem states, "And sorry I could not travel both," showing the traveler's regret. Open-ended question; answers will vary based on the reader's perspective.
🌈3번은 열린질문(open-ended)이므로 글쓴이의 생각을 반영해야 합니다. 이 부분도 잘 처리해 주었습니다.
② One was grassy and wanted wear. The poem describes one road as "grassy and wanted wear," suggesting it was less traveled. Answers may vary. A common interpretation is that the choices we make in life, even the small ones, can have significant impacts on our future.
The poem concludes with the traveler reflecting on his choice and recognizing its profound impact on his life.
If your question is multiple choice type, you should use the following format.
Question 4 follows the provided format.
약간 수정할 부분이 있지만, 대체적으로 블룸의 질문분류체계를 잘 따라서 5가지 문항을 성공적으로 만들어주는 프롬프트를 제작하였습니다.